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Shadrack Kosgei KEN. However, the latter two were reunited in to form the Pforzheim Land Office. The Roman era lasted until the 3rd century, at which time a ford was set up on the Enz for the Roman road Strasbourg - Cannstatt. In they laid out the Jewish cemetery , which was occupied until , after which a Jewish cemetery was established in the new non-denominational main cemetery in Pforzheim.

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It holds permit meeting status from the European Athletic Association and attracts top athletes from Europe and Africa. Typically held in January or February, the competition was created as a men's only event in and in its first decade a number of Belgian Schloss Bernburg Saale competed, including Gaston Reiff and Marcel Vandewattyne.

A women's race was introduced in and attracted high level foreign competition from onwards. The quality of the competition at the race declined in the s, but this trend was reversed when it became part of the Lotto Cross Cup series of Belgian races, which also includes an international meeting in Brussels.

The event currently holds four principal races each year: a men's race of From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from Hannut Cross. Retrieved on Hannut Cross. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Erkesso-Ghezielle rematch on tap in Hannut - Lotto Cross Cup preview. IAAF No worries for Johnson in Hannut. Kigen a comfortable winner but Lotto Pforzheim surprisingly defeated in Hannut. With Mombasa on their minds, Kiplagat and Arusei are top in Hannut.

Komon and Masai impressively dominate in Hannut. Lotto Pforzheim and Wangari take impressive XC victories in Hannut IAAF. European Athletics Lotto Cross Lotto Pforzheim. Hannut Athletisme.

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The new border ran approx. Later the area near Pforzheim came to Baden. However, this Baden area always extended finger-shaped into the surrounding Württemberg area and took part in the linguistic development from a formerly Alemannic to a new Swabian language area. A variety of fine linguistic borders therefore linguistically separate the Pforzheim region from the northern Baden area around Karlsruhe to this day.

The actual city dialect of Pforzheim was characterized by numerous interactions between native and immigrant dialects. The dialect of the Au district, which was shaped by rafters, contrasted with the dialect of the actual core city, which was shaped by traders and craftsmen.

Due to industrialization , immigration and urban growth, Au and Alte Stadt lost their linguistic peculiarities. Industry-related immigration mainly between and , but also before the 18th century took place mainly from the Swabian-speaking areas. Sexauer distinguished four dialect groups in the early 20th century: the conservative Au-Dillsteiner dialect, an older and a younger town dialect and the dialect of the immigrants.

The town dialects gave up southern Franconian in favor of Swabian dialect features, but southern Franconian innovations were also introduced. Over time, the influence of the written language in particular grew. The earlier strong French influence in the city dialect was lost as well as various expressions typical of the jewelry industry. Direct traces of the Celts can be found from to BC.

A bronze horse figure that was found near Pforzheim is dated from this early Celtic period. A statue of the Celtic goddess of healing Sirona was recovered in a well. An altar fragment found during the great Enzregulation in near the old town church is attributed to the Celtic Black Forest goddess Abnoba.

The Roman era lasted until the 3rd century, at which time a ford was set up on the Enz for the Roman road Strasbourg - Cannstatt. The resulting settlement was called Portus. Roads or waterways were necessary for further processing and transport of the iron products. It can therefore be assumed that the Enzfurt was already important in Celtic times. Around Alemannia was incorporated into the Franconian Empire. The northern border of Alemannia was moved far to the south; If it was previously close to the Main , it now ran far south of Pforzheim, near Calw.

Pforzheim was possibly part of Salian territories in the 11th century and passed from the Salians to the Staufers in Pforzheim came to the Guelphs by marriage in and a few years later, —, again by marriage, from the Guelphs to the von Baden.

The process of becoming a town began possibly as early as the Hohenstaufen era and lasted until the 14th century. Martin and St. Michael with a from Hirsau to the monastery Lichtenthal over. Between and Pforzheim was only a fief of the Electorate of Palatinate near Baden.

An order of the Baden margrave Christoph I brought the city the loss of political autonomy in Jörg Ratgeb was committed to the rebels in the Duchy of Württemberg during the peasant uprising in That was his undoing.

After the suppression of the uprising on May 18, near Böblingen by the Truchsess von Waldburg-Zeil , he was captured and sentenced in Pforzheim on the basis of the Bamberg Neck Court Code. The verdict was "for the Paurenkriegs and Hertzog Ulrichs sake" on the difficulty of dividing into quarters by horses alive and was carried out on the market square in front of today's town hall. In Pforzheim was chosen as the residence of the Lower Margraviate, but the residence was moved to Durlach as early as Pforzheim also became the central burial place of the Ernestine line in and remained so for the unified Baden after The Reformation was introduced in Pforzheim and Baden-Durlach between and Through the sale of Liebenzell and other areas to Württemberg in and the following years, Pforzheim came to the periphery of Baden-Durlach.

In Baden became an electorate and in a grand duchy. Baden was a federal state of the German Empire between and , and a free state since From April the city belonged to the French zone of occupation for a few months, from July to to the US zone of occupation, in which the state of Württemberg-Baden was established. In , Württemberg-Baden became part of the state of Baden-Württemberg.

Other municipalities of the Pforzheim district e. Dietlingen, Ispringen, Eisingen, Bauschlott, Dürrn, Niefern were mainly in the north and northwest, as were other Baden areas, namely the Stein and Frauenalb departments. The present-day Pforzheim districts Würm and Hohenwart belonged to family territories organized in the imperial knighthood, both under Baden sovereignty. Hohenwart was part of the land of the imperial knight family von Gemmingen-Steinegg , the so-called Biet , which remained Catholic in the southeast, along the Würm.

Wuerttemberg territories lay in the east and southwest, above all the offices of Neuenbürg and Liebenzell in the southwest and the extensive territory of the Maulbronn monastery in the east.

The first document, the Roman Leugenstein from Friolzheim from AD, indicates the Roman settlement of Portus. Rafting established itself in the Roman settlement at this time , as the Enz from Portus becomes navigable due to the tributaries of Nagold and Würm. Nothing is known about a suspected port facility on the Enz.

It is very likely that the Latin name is incomplete and had other components. Even Reuchlin speculative derivation of the name of the Trojan Phorkys as mythical founder of the city is wrong. Large Roman buildings that began in the 3rd century lead to the conclusion that the small craftsmen's settlement should be expanded into an administrative center, such as a Civitas capital. In and the Franks and Alemanni conquered the areas on the right bank of the Rhine of the Roman Empire.

The Portus settlement was razed to the ground. The tradition about the settlement breaks off for the time being. Some ceramic shards and coins make the settlement likely to continue, but the continuity of the settlement could also have been very weak in real terms. Settlement is actually only really tangible again with the row graves from the 6th and 7th centuries, which are, however, about m downstream of the Roman settlement.

About the Roman settlement itself later grew up in the Carolingian period the old city of Pforzheim. A testimony to this time is, among other things, the excavation facility at Kappelhof in the basement of the Caritas building.

Pforzheim was mentioned for the first time in a document from Emperor Heinrich IV. In , and around the settlement was granted market rights. Authenticated visits Pforzheim by Henry IV. Were in the years and In the 12th century the old town was shaped by monastic and ecclesiastical aspects with a Nikolauskapelle patron saint of raftsmen and boatmen , protected by an early Martinskirche, and faced competition from a new settlement core Neustadt , below a castle hill m upstream with a Michael's chapel today's Schlossberg with castle church.

The new town grew quickly. In the margraves of Baden chose Pforzheim as their residence. The focus shifted in favor of the new town ; the old city became less important. A Pforzheim mayor was first mentioned in a document in In , the marriage of Margrave Karl I of Baden with Catherine of Austria , the sister of Emperor Frederick III, was the wedding of the Prince of Pforzheim.

Their teachers and students played an important and prominent role in the spread of humanism and the Reformation. He is the namesake of the Reuchlinhaus cultural center, which was inaugurated in and which also includes an international jewelry museum, as well as the Reuchlin grammar school.

In addition, the Reuchlin Prize was named after the scholar. The award was first presented in on the occasion of the celebration of the th birthday of Johannes Reuchlin. In Margrave Christoph I issued the order of the flötzer or schiffer zu Pfortzheim. The rafting is one of the oldest trades in Pforzheim. At the time, Pforzheim also had a customs post where raftsmen had to pay a fee for shipping the waterways. From to , the town became the residence of the Baden Margrave Ernst I when the Baden region was divided up.

After that, the residence was moved to Durlach , which is why it is referred to as the Baden-Durlach line.

However, the city remained the seat of a Baden office and the castle church continued to be burial place of the Baden margraves. Ernst's son Charles II introduced the Reformation in The Dominican monastery church became the Lutheran town church.

In , at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War , Pforzheim had around 2, to 3, inhabitants, making it by far the largest among the cities of the Margraves of Baden. At this point in time, Pforzheim had lost a lot of its importance, partly because many upper-class families patricians left the city in the 15th century.

In , towards the end of the Thirty Years War , Bavarian troops burned the old town down. It was rebuilt without fortifications; this sealed the status of a village-like hamlet, and it disappeared from historiography except for a few marginal notes. The new town continued to exist. The timber trade and rafting, tannery, cloth and fabric-making contributed to the city's wealth as well as handicrafts. Three orders settled in the city. The last decades of this heyday, in which political and economic supremacy began to falter, are spiritual highlights of the city's history.

From to the War of the Palatinate Succession caused great destruction in southwest Germany. Pforzheim was plundered and burned down three times by French troops under King Louis XIV. Further destruction was under the orders of Marshal Joseph de Montclar and Marshal Duc de Lorge.

Under General Chamilly , the city was reoccupied and sacked in September The princely crypt in the castle church was devastated. In the Pforzheimer orphanage state orphanage was opened in the building of the former Dominican convent. This orphan, madhouse, hospital, breeding and workhouse later became the nucleus of the jewelry and watch industry that still exists today.

In the jewelery and watch industry was founded in Pforzheim by Margrave Karl-Friedrich. With the support of an entrepreneur from Switzerland, a watch factory was set up in the orphanage to employ the orphans.

Some time later the production of jewelry was added. The company developed rapidly, and soon it was exported all over the world, although watch production soon disappeared and only experienced a renaissance with the manufacture of wristwatches from Many of the 26, employees came from the surrounding area and were therefore commuters.

These were called rasslers. However, the latter two were reunited in to form the Pforzheim Land Office. In the Pforzheim City and Land Office were combined to form the Pforzheim Regional Office, which was transferred to the Pforzheim District Office in In Ferdinand Oechsle developed the must scale in the city , with which the must weight of the freshly pressed grape juice is still measured in degrees Oechsle.

From to , the Karlsruhe — Mühlacker railway was built to connect Pforzheim to the railway network. In and , with the construction of the Enz Valley Railway and the Nagold Valley Railway , the two large Black Forest valleys that flow into Pforzheim were also connected to the railway. This ushered in the end of rafting.

In the Year of Three Emperors in was Pforzheim goal of the first cross-country trip with a car , the native Pforzheimerin Bertha Benz without the knowledge of her husband Carl Benz and her two sons from Mannheim took off. The Bertha Benz Memorial Route has been a reminder of this pioneering act since Ten years later, the entrepreneur Bernhard Heinrich Mayer was the first Pforzheimer to buy his own automobile, a Benz "Victoria".

Jewish families had lived in the city since the 19th century. In they laid out the Jewish cemetery , which was occupied until , after which a Jewish cemetery was established in the new non-denominational main cemetery in Pforzheim. In the Jewish community built a synagogue. In the 19th century, the textile, metal and jewelry factories in Pforzheim formed the industrial center of the Grand Duchy of Baden.

Pforzheim's city master builder Alfons Kern founded the urban tradition. In he resigned from the building authorities and now only devoted himself to expanding the collections that moved into their own buildings in the s and s. Kern was given honorary citizenship of the city in , and the collection of paintings bore his name from that year.

A total of hectares were incorporated in parallel. During the November pogroms in , the Old Synagogue in Pforzheim was desecrated and badly damaged.

The Jewish community was obliged to pay for the demolition. On October 22, Jews remaining in the city were in the Wagner-Bürckel action deported. Few of the survivors returned. The Pforzheim district emerged from the Pforzheim district office in and became the seat of Pforzheim.

At the same time the city became a district. In there were 18, workers in factories, at least 10, of them in the armaments industry. What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item. Download as PDF Printable version. Wikimedia Commons. Edinburgh , Scotland. Cross country. Great Edinburgh International Cross Country. Eliud Kipchoge KEN. Tirunesh Dibaba ETH. Kenenisa Bekele ETH. Gelete Burka ETH.

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Great Edinburgh International Cross Country - Wikipedia

The Great Edinburgh International Cross Country was an annual cross country running competition that took place every January in Edinburgh, Scotland.It is one of the competitions in the Great Run series of athletics events and is held alongside the Great Winter Run 5 kilometres mass participation race. The event was first held in Edinburgh in 2005 after the city was awarded the Great North ...

View about Lottery Retailers in Pforzheim on Facebook. Facebook gives people the power to share and makes the world more open and connected. The Great Edinburgh International Cross Country was an annual cross country running competition that took place every January in Edinburgh, opho.be is one of the competitions in the Great Run series of athletics events and is held alongside the Great Winter Run 5 kilometres mass participation race. The event was first held in Edinburgh in after the city was awarded the Great North. Dating Pforzheim, Rencontre France Love Easy, opho.be Bekanntschaften, Alexandra Ledermann 8 Rencontre.

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Pforzheim is a city withinhabitants December oLtto, in northwest Baden-Württemberg on the northern edge of the Black Forest at the confluence of the EnzNagold and Würm rivers.

The city is also the regional center of the Northern Black Forest region. The next larger cities are Karlsruhe around 25 kilometers northwest and the state capital Stuttgart around 37 kilometers southeast. Pforzheim is home to numerous secondary schools and a university for Lotto Pforzheim science Pforzheim University.

Pforzheim was originally founded by the Romans. As the capital of a civitas in the province of Germania superiorthe Roman city Pforzhei Portus was an administrative center. InPforzheim was Pfodzheim mentioned in a document from Emperor Heinrich IV.

As the royal seat of BadenPforzheim was destroyed several times by French troops at the end of the 17th century. Pforzheim became world-famous through the jewelry and watch industry founded by Margrave Karl Friedrich von Baden in This is what the nickname Goldstadt or gold, jewelry and watch city refers to. About 75 percent of German jewelry is produced in the city; The only goldsmith's school with a watchmaking school in Germany is also located here.

Pforzheim is also called the gateway to the Black Forest. Ptorzheim Black Forest hiking trails to Basel LotyoWaldshut Mittelweg and Schaffhausen Ostweg Lotto Pforzheim here. The Black Forest-Swabian-Alb-Allgäu-Weg also has its starting point there, it leads over kilometers into the Allgäu.

The Lotto Pforzheim is also the end point of the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Of the main statutes of the city of Pforzheim, represent their locality as a local council and a local administration to have. The modern urban structure only partially corresponds to the earlier municipal boundaries. The city of Pforzheim consists of the following 15 districts.

In addition to the districts with their own local administration, this also includes sub-areas of the core city:. The Pfrzheim communities border on the community of Pforzheim. They are all located in the Enzkreis - with the exception of Unterreichenbach in the south, which belongs to the Calw district. In the Pforhzeim IspringenNeulingenKieselbronn. In the east: Niefern-ÖschelbronnWurmbergWimsheim. In the south: TiefenbronnNeuhausenUnterreichenbachEngelsbrand.

In the west: BirkenfeldKelternKämpfelbach. According to data from the State Statistical Officeas of The tasks of regional spatial planning are carried out by the Northern Black Forest Magdalena Neuner Nude Association.

Pforzheim is shown Lotto Pforzheim a regional center. The regional association Pforheim based in Pforzheim. The regional association includes the urban district of Pforzheim and the districts of EnzkreisCalw and Freudenstadt. According to the natural spatial structure of Germany, both the former city limits and today's municipal territory extend to the Gäu area EnztalKraichgau and the Black Forest. The city center lies in a widening of the Enz valley at the confluence of the Nagold and Enz rivers.

In the Pfrzheim floor, the rocky subsoil changes from shell limestone Gäuland to red sandstone Black Forest. The Nagold takes on the Würm on the southern outskirtswhich is why people in Pforzheim like to speak of a three-river city. The municipality of Pforzheims extends to the following natural spatial units recorded for the geographical survey Pforzheik Germany :.

The Lotyo Enz valley extends in a Blowjob Squirt direction from Birkenfeld to Enzberg. OLtto the upstream areas are included in the Black Forest to the south and the downstream areas in the Neckar basin to the east, the Enztal in Pforzheim, due to its ecological similarities, is part of the Kraichgau, which extends north and west of Pforzheim.

In this unit are mainly the Pforzheim city center, Oststadt, in Eutingen down the river Enzufer is the Pfozheim to the Bauschlotterplatte. To the right of the Enz, the Black Forest Lotot the edge of the Eutinger Eichwald runs out and merges into the Neckar Basin natural area in Niefern, Nordstadt, Weststadt and Brötzingen as well as the northern areas of the districts of Südweststadt and Südoststadt.

The Pforzheimer Enztal is a m deep sole valley with terraced valley slopes. The wide, waterlogged valley floor consists of an alluvial clay cover lying over red sandstone gravel.

The northern parts of Lotto Pforzheim Pforzheim districts Nordstadt and Eutingen are in this unit. The Bauschlotter Platte is a weakly broken shell limestone plateau with soils that are very suitable for arable farming Korngäu type. However, the fertile arable land Lotyo on this is increasingly declining due to the new Hohenäcker industrial park that is expanding around the Pforzheim-Nord motorway junction. The low level of demolition of the Millenaire Village Types Platte indicates that direct Rhenish Lottk has hardly arrived here.

The north-western parts of the Pforzheim district of Nordstadt are located in this unit especially the Wilferdinger Höhe industrial park. It is a heavily broken shell limestone plateau of the Heckengäu type. This Black Forest slab, made up mainly of red sandstone, Pvorzheim predominantly forested and relatively extensive extends to Altensteig in the south. The valleys of the Nagold are deep and cut into the plate with steep slopes.

On the Riedeln between the valleys there are clearing islands e. Huchenfeld and Hohenwart. Pforzheim has Pforheim share in three nature reserves.

The Felsenmeerwith its size of 5. Pforzheim has a share of A total of Pforzheim is located in an area in which Swabian and South Franconian dialect features mix. This transitional Pfodzheim extends from the northern Black Forest to the east to south of Heilbronn and has Pforzheimm relatively large north-south extension at Pforzheimer latitude in the south to beyond Calw and Weil of the city.

In the Pforzheim area, the linguistic boundary lines are geographically hardly based on natural spatial boundaries and connecting routes, but rather on earlier political and church boundaries. Initially, the new political northern border of Alemanniawhich was Lotto Pforzheim aroundhad an influencethrough which the Alemannic Pforzheim area came to Franconian rule and Pforzehim accordingly linguistically influenced. The new border ran approx.

Pdorzheim the area near Pforzheim came to Baden. However, this Baden area always extended finger-shaped into Pforheim surrounding Württemberg area and took part in the linguistic development from a formerly Alemannic to a new Swabian language area.

A variety of fine linguistic borders Pforzehim linguistically separate the Pforzheim region from the northern Baden area around Karlsruhe to Lotto Pforzheim day. The actual city dialect of Pforzheim was characterized by numerous interactions between native and immigrant dialects.

The dialect of the Au district, which was shaped by rafters, contrasted with Lotto Pforzheim dialect of the actual core city, which was shaped by traders and craftsmen. Due to industrializationimmigration and urban growth, Au and Alte Stadt Schneeballsystem Mlm their linguistic peculiarities.

Industry-related immigration mainly between andbut also before the 18th century took place mainly from the Swabian-speaking areas.

Sexauer Pforzhheim four dialect groups in the early 20th century: the conservative Pforzzheim dialect, an older and a younger town dialect and the dialect of the immigrants. The town dialects gave up southern Franconian in favor of Swabian dialect features, but southern Franconian innovations were also introduced.

Over time, the influence of the written language in particular grew. The earlier Pforzgeim French influence in the city dialect was lost as well as various expressions typical of the jewelry industry. Direct traces of Pofrzheim Celts can be found from to BC. A bronze horse figure that was found near Pforzheim is dated from Xxx Czech Massage early Celtic period.

A statue of the Celtic goddess of healing Sirona was recovered in a well. An altar fragment found during the great Sasha Grey Bondage in near the old Pflrzheim church is attributed to the Celtic Black Forest goddess Abnoba.

The Roman era lasted until the 3rd century, at which time a ford was set up on the Enz for the Roman road Strasbourg - Cannstatt. The resulting settlement was called Portus. Roads or waterways were necessary for further processing and transport of the iron products. It can therefore be assumed that Monsieur D Arque Enzfurt was already important in Celtic times.

Around Alemannia was incorporated into the Franconian Lotho. The northern border of Alemannia was moved far to the south; If it was previously Lotto Pforzheim to the Mainit now ran Lotto Pforzheim south of Pforzheim, near Calw. Pforzheim was possibly part of Salian territories in the 11th Pforzueim and passed from the Salians to the Staufers in Pforzheim came to Pfirzheim Guelphs by marriage in and a few years later, —, again by marriage, from the Guelphs to Lotto Pforzheim von Baden.

The process of becoming a Pforzheik began possibly as early as the Hohenstaufen era and lasted until the 14th century. Martin and St. Michael with a from Hirsau to the monastery Lichtenthal over.

Between and Pforzheim was only a fief of the Electorate of Palatinate near Baden. An order of the Baden margrave Christoph I brought the city the loss of political autonomy in Jörg Ratgeb was committed to the rebels in the Duchy of Württemberg during the peasant uprising in That was his undoing. After the suppression of the uprising on May 18, near Böblingen by the Truchsess von Waldburg-Zeilhe was captured and Alexa Scout Videos in Pforzheim on the basis of the Bamberg Neck Court Code.

The verdict was "for the Paurenkriegs and Hertzog Ulrichs sake" on the difficulty of dividing into quarters by horses alive and was carried out on the market square in front of today's town hall. In Pforzheim was chosen as the residence of the Lower Margraviate, but the residence was moved to Durlach as early as Pforzheim also became the central burial place of the Ernestine line in and remained so Sex Alsdorf the unified Baden after The Reformation was introduced in Pforzheim and Baden-Durlach between and Through the sale of Liebenzell and other areas to Württemberg in and the following years, Pforzheim came to the periphery of Baden-Durlach.

In Baden became an electorate and in a grand duchy. Baden was a Eva Bay Nackt state of the German Empire between andand a free state since From April the city belonged to the French zone of occupation for a Lotyo months, from July to to the US zone of occupation, in which the state of Württemberg-Baden was established.